Which neurotransmitter is known to have an essential role in mood regulation and is primarily affected by antidepressants?

Serotonin is recognized as a neurotransmitter that plays a critical role in mood regulation. It is heavily involved in the modulation of emotions, anxiety, and happiness. Studies have shown that low levels of serotonin are associated with mood disorders, such as depression.

Antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), work by increasing the availability of serotonin in the brain. They inhibit the reuptake of serotonin into the presynaptic cell, thereby enhancing its effects on mood and emotional wellbeing. By directly targeting serotonin levels, these medications help alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety, which underscores their importance in mood regulation.

While other neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine are also involved in mood regulation and can be influenced by different classes of antidepressants, serotonin remains the primary target for many of the most commonly prescribed antidepressants, making it essential to understand its role in this context.