What are the main symptoms of serotonin syndrome?

The primary symptoms of serotonin syndrome are characterized by a combination of neurological and autonomic dysfunction, which includes agitation, confusion, rapid heart rate, and muscle rigidity. This syndrome is often associated with the excessive accumulation of serotonin in the brain, typically resulting from the use of certain medications, especially when combined or taken in excess.

Agitation and confusion reflect the central nervous system's overstimulation, while the rapid heart rate is indicative of autonomic dysregulation. Muscle rigidity can occur as a result of increased muscle tone and is a significant motor symptom seen in this syndrome. Collectively, these symptoms highlight the hyperactive state of serotonin signaling and are critical for diagnosing serotonin syndrome. Recognizing these signs is essential for timely intervention, which can include discontinuation of serotonergic agents and supportive care to reduce serotonin levels.