How do atypical antipsychotics differ from typical antipsychotics?

Atypical antipsychotics are known for their pharmacological profile, which distinguishes them from typical antipsychotics primarily by having a lower risk of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). EPS are drug-induced movement disorders that include symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and tardive dyskinesia. This is primarily due to atypical antipsychotics' action on dopamine D2 receptors in a manner that is less likely to disrupt normal motor control, as they also affect other neurotransmitter systems, particularly serotonin. This broader receptor profile helps reduce the likelihood of EPS compared to typical antipsychotics, which predominantly block dopamine receptors and are more likely to produce these side effects.

Understanding this distinction is essential in psychopharmacology, as patient experiences with antipsychotic medications can greatly influence adherence to treatment plans. Recognizing the risk of EPS helps clinicians choose appropriate medications while considering the individual patient's needs and potential side effects.