What serious side effect is associated with the use of clozapine?

Clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic, is primarily used for treatment-resistant schizophrenia and is known for its potential to cause agranulocytosis, a serious side effect characterized by a dangerously low level of neutrophils, which are vital for the immune system. This condition significantly increases the risk of infections, making monitoring blood cell counts essential for individuals on clozapine. Regular complete blood count (CBC) tests are required to ensure that patients maintain a safe level of white blood cells during treatment.

While other side effects, such as seizures, metabolic syndrome leading to diabetes, and potential weight changes, can occur with clozapine, agranulocytosis is particularly serious given the immediate and life-threatening complications associated with significant immune suppression. Therefore, the emphasis on monitoring and managing the risk for agranulocytosis defines the clinical use of clozapine and highlights the crucial nature of this side effect in psychopharmacology.